Cerebral Palsy (CP)

Cerebral Palsy is a group of disorders that affect movement, balance, and posture. It's caused by abnormal brain development or damage to the developing brain, most often before birth. CP is the most common motor disability in childhood.

What this means for your family: CP affects each child differently. Some children walk independently, while others use wheelchairs. Some have mild symptoms, while others need significant daily support. CP is not progressive — it doesn't get worse over time — and with proper therapy and support, children can make significant gains.

Prevalence: Approximately 1 in 345 children in the U.S.

Key fact: CP is a physical condition — it does not necessarily affect intelligence.

• Delays in reaching motor milestones (sitting, crawling, walking)
• Stiff or floppy muscle tone
• Difficulty with fine motor skills (grasping, writing)
• Unsteady walking or favoring one side of the body
• Excessive drooling or difficulty swallowing
• Speech difficulties
• Some children may also have seizures, vision, or hearing problems

1. Get a comprehensive evaluation from a pediatric neurologist
2. Start physical therapy and occupational therapy as early as possible
3. Explore assistive technology — adaptive equipment can dramatically increase independence
4. Request an IEP with physical therapy, occupational therapy, and adaptive PE
5. Connect with United Cerebral Palsy (UCP) for local resources and support
6. Plan for accessibility — home modifications, vehicle adaptations, and community access

• IDEA: Qualifies for Early Intervention and IEP services
• SSI: Most children with CP qualify for financial assistance
• Medicaid Waiver: Home and community-based services including personal care attendants
• ADA: Requires accessible facilities in schools, public spaces, and workplaces
• Assistive Technology Act: Provides access to devices and equipment